Background & Aim: Long-term prognosis of hemodialysis patients are affected by dialysis adequacy so that assess this item is very important. This study aimed to identify dialysis adequacy and its related factors in hemodialysis patients.

Material & Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study. 160 hemodialysis patients of Arak Vali-e-asr hospital were selected by census method. Data collected by demographic questionnaire, checklist of patients’ data, blood laboratory test and weekly erythropoietin doses, checklist for calculating kt/v included duration of dialysis, urea in pre and post of dialysis, weight in pre and post of dialysis and ultrafiltration rate. Kt/v and URR Criteria were used to assessment of dialysis adequacy. Descriptive and analytical statistics was used to assess the data. Finally the data were analyzed by SPSS18 software.

Results: The majority of samples (74.8%) didn’t have a sufficient dialysis adequacy (kt/v<1.2). Mean of dialysis adequacy of samples were 0.84±0.39; some variables such as gender, duration of renal history, duration of dialysis history, number of dialysis session in week, dialysis duration, post dialysis urea and smoking had significant correlation with dialysis adequacy.

Conclusion: According to the results, dialysis adequacy of hemodialysis patients is not desirable that can lead to decrease the quality of life. According to the results of this study, the quality of dialysis in hemodialysis patients can improve by intervention on some of the modifiable factors affecting the adequacy of dialysis such as increasing the duration and frequency of dialysis a week.