Introduction: Accidents and events are important health threatening factors and are most common preventable causes of death in children. It's evident that epidemiologic information related to these accidents has a main role in prevention and control of children's accidents. Therefore, this study was done to investigate the most important causes related to accident in children.

Materials and Method: This research was a descriptive study in order to assess prevalence of accidents in children less than 5 years referred to emergency ward of Imam jafar sadegh hospital in Aligodarz. Total samples were 120, and information was obtained from injured child's hospital files. Data were analyzed by spss-ver 13.

Results: Results showed that: Common causes of accidents were: falling(32/5) toxicity (26/7%)  and the most injured organs were head and trunk (31/7%) and most common place of event's occurrence was home.

Conclusion: On the basis of the results, it could be concluded that by family training, performing some tasks for increase home security, and give more attention to these problems, accidents and as a result, pediatric mortality rate will be decreased.